which of the following is true of older patients who are performing a pulmonary function test? This is a topic that many people are looking for. thevoltreport.com is a channel providing useful information about learning, life, digital marketing and online courses …. it will help you have an overview and solid multi-faceted knowledge . Today, thevoltreport.com would like to introduce to you Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) Explained Clearly – Procedure, Spirometry, FEV1. Following along are instructions in the video below:
Welcome to another medcram lecture. Were going to talk about pulmonary function testing and and this is going to be over a couple of lectures. Were going to over the introduction and give you a little bit of a primer.
If you will on pulmonary function testing and then get into more specifics. So that you understand exactly what it is its going on so. The whole point of pulmonary function testing is to measure someones lungs and find out whether or not theyre normal or abnormal and if its abnormal find out why now this is kind of akin to getting tests on for instance your heart with an echocardiogram or an ekg where were measuring the heart.
Well. The problem is that the heart is measured on a proportion for instance. The ejection fraction is how much blood on each pump the heart can pump out and normal is you know approximately 50 ejection fraction.
And we can measure the chamber size and we can measure the valve and see if theres regurgitation. The problem is in taking this issue and taking it over to the lungs is that the lungs are more of an absolute and peoples lungs can be different based on their height and other variables. So we need to figure out exactly how were going to figure out whats normal for somebodys lung and that can be a little tricky so are there four things that we need to take into consideration before we determine what the absolute values are for somebody who can do a pulmonary function test.
And the first one is height okay so height makes a difference let me explain youve got somebody here who is very tall versus. Somebody who is very short obviously a proportion of their body is going to have lungs in them. And the short person is going to have smaller lungs and the bigger person is going to have bigger lungs and so obviously the amount of air.
Absolutely they could be able to breathe in out is going to be dependent on the size of their lungs. So obviously. Height has to come into it so thats the first thing with it were going to need to know and put into our equation to figure out what the normal lung volume should be for somebody number two is going to be age.
What happens as you hit the age of 25. Which is the best that youre ever going to be in life in terms of your lung function is lung function. Generally is going to decline even.
If someone has never smoked and so as you get older the lung function is going to decline and depending.
Where you are along that axis that x axis is going to determine where somebody would be normally for any point along that curve and so age is the second variable that goes into the equation. The third variable is gender. Okay.
Male and female are going to have different sized lungs and so that needs to be taken into consideration. This is independent by the way of height so gender is the third variable that goes into that and number four is race let me give an example. If youve got four for sake of argument.
Here youve got a white man and african american black man in terms of where their proportions are generally speaking. The white man is going to have his waist or his navel if you will lower down. Then an african american or the black man it should be higher so given the same exact height black man is going to have smaller lungs than would white and similarly you could look at the other way that black men would have longer legs for a specific height.
Then a white man who would have shorter legs and this has been looked at and researched in in the literature. And so as a result race also needs to play a role in terms of if you have someone with a specific height. Theyre going to have different sized lungs based on proportionality.
Okay. So the purpose of all of this is to come up with a customized value for each individual based on hundreds and thousands of patients and research and distributions and curves and things of that nature. So if you put a specific human being okay and the four variables.
Number. One is height number two is age number three is gender and number four is race and you take all of these variables of a person. And you put it into the computer and turn a crank outcomes values x.
In this case. And its that number thatll tell you what the normal distribution should be so theres going to be a distribution of patients. And it will tell you what the eighty percent limit is that number there will tell you if you are below this number.
Okay actually it will be down on this side.
Here. Eighty percent here. If you are below this number.
That means you are abnormal. These are all normal patients here okay. And if you are below the 80 of predicted of that value then that means you are abnormal let me tell it to a different way lets say we plug in those four values and we come up with a number for the forced vital capacity and well get into these numbers a little bit and lets say that the number they come up with for the forced.
Vital capacity for arguments sake is three point zero zero. Liters that means that the 80th or the minimum 80th percent for three litres or. Eighty.
Percent if that predicted is going to be. 24. Liters and so if you are below 24.
Liters. That is considered abnormal. Another way of saying.
It is that if your value is greater than 80 of the predicted. Then you are normal. And theres no problems okay so the key.
I want you to get out of this lecture is specifically the lungs are a organ of the body the organ of the body that can change in size. And you can get different values for different people all with different distributions based on the four criteria. Which is height number two is age number three is gender and number four is race once you take an individual and you plug those numbers into the computer.
They will give you values and its those values that you must base your abnormals on this is different than looking at blood tests for the liver or looking at an echocardiogram for the heart because in that situation there really you dont really have to take into consideration these values so in our next lecture. Were going to talk about the lung itself and the pathophysiology. But this is kind of an introduction so join us for the next lecture thanks very much you .
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